PERCEPTION OF CRIME AND SAFETY IN K.R. PURAM: A COMMUNITY PERCEPTION

Abstract

Urban safety and the perception of crime are central concerns in the discourse on sustainable city development and community well-being. As urban areas continue to grow, especially in developing nations like India, the relationship between actual crime rates and public perception becomes increasingly complex. This study focuses on Krishnarajapuram (K.R. Puram), a prominent and rapidly urbanizing suburb located in the eastern region of Bengaluru, Karnataka. Once considered a relatively quiet residential area, K.R. Puram has undergone substantial transformation due to infrastructural development, increasing population density, and economic activity. These changes, while contributing to urban growth, have also introduced new social dynamics and safety concerns among residents. This research aims to explore how people living in K.R. Puram perceive crime and safety, and how these perceptions affect their daily lives, behaviours, and interactions with the community and law enforcement. This study is grounded in the understanding that perceptions of crime may not always align with official crime statistics. Individuals may feel unsafe due to various factors, including poor lighting, inadequate policing, isolated streets, or past experiences, even if the actual crime rate is low. Conversely, areas with higher crime rates may sometimes be perceived as safer if there is strong community cohesion and visible law enforcement. Therefore, analysing public perception provides a more comprehensive and human-centred understanding of safety than statistical data alone. To capture these perceptions accurately, the study employs a mixed-methods research design that includes structured surveys, focus group discussions, and in-depth interviews with residents of different ages, genders, and socio-economic backgrounds. Special attention is given to how factors such as gender, employment type, housing conditions, and duration of residence influence individuals’ feelings of safety. The study also evaluates residents' trust in local police, their awareness of available security measures, and their willingness to participate in community-led safety initiatives. Preliminary findings suggest that fear of theft, drug-related activities, and street harassment are among the primary concerns for residents. Women and elderly individuals report higher levels of anxiety when traveling alone or after dark. Lack of proper street lighting, poor road infrastructure, and inadequate police patrolling contribute significantly to the feeling of insecurity. Additionally, the research identifies a communication gap between law enforcement agencies and the public, which further amplifies mistrust and reduces the effectiveness of safety measures. The study concludes that improving the perception of safety in K.R. Puram requires not just crime control but also better urban infrastructure, more visible community policing, and active public engagement. Strengthening community networks, enhancing civic amenities, and promoting trust between citizens and local authorities are essential steps toward creating a safer urban environment. By focusing on community perceptions, this research offers valuable insights that can inform urban planning, policing strategies, and policy decisions aimed at fostering a secure and inclusive neighbourhood in one of Bengaluru’s most dynamic localities.