Perceived Social Support, Coping and Distress among Caregivers of Individuals with Alcohol Dependence

Abstract

It is essential to acknowledge that the problem of alcohol dependence does not only have an effect on the dependent person but also exerts significant psychological, social, and emotional pressures on his/her family caregiver. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the interrelation between perceived social support, coping skills, and psychological stress among caregivers of people suffering from alcohol dependence. In this study, a quantitative research design was used and a sample of 102 subjects was recruited by means of purposive and snowball sampling. Data was obtained through the application of such standardized tools as PSS, F-COPES, and K10 scales.

The result of the research proved that caregivers have to face significant psychological difficulties such as constant tiredness, anxiety, hopelessness, and emotional exhaustion. It was found that perceived social support acts as a protective measure, since it showed the negative correlation with psychological stress and the positive correlation with adaptive shopping skills.

Adaptive coping mechanisms like problem-solving, acceptance, and positive re-framing were seen to reduce psychological distress, while maladaptive coping mechanisms like denial and avoidance were seen to increase psychological distress. The research paper also shed light on the paradox of caregiving in joint families, wherein the close physical relationship does not necessarily ensure emotional support because of the stigma, confidentiality issues, and damage to family reputation.

This study has revealed that a family-based intervention strategy should focus on improving the psychological needs of the caregivers, along with the people who suffer from alcohol dependence syndrome. Social support, adaptive coping, and culturally and spiritually relevant services are likely to enhance the psychological well-being of caregivers. This study adds to the existing literature on caregivers’ psychological issues in the Indian scenario and raises awareness regarding this overlooked aspect.