Beyond Skills: Psychological Impact of the Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) Training on Youths in Changlang and Papum Pare Districts of Arunachal Pradesh

Abstract

The Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY) has emerged as one of

India's flagship skill development initiatives aimed at enhancing employability, entrepreneurship

and livelihood opportunities among youths. While numerous studies have evaluated the

economic outcomes of PMKVY, relatively limited attention has been given to its psychological

impact on trainees, particularly in remote and tribal regions. This study explores the

psychological transformation experienced by PMKVY trainees in Changlang and Papumpare

districts of Arunachal Pradesh. The research investigates changes in self-confidence, creativity,

entrepreneurial mindset, social interaction, openness to innovation and perceived improvements

in living standards following skill training. The study adopts a descriptive and analytical research

design using a mixed-method approach involving structured questionnaires and interviews with

PMKVY trainees. The findings indicate that participation in PMKVY significantly enhanced

trainees' self-confidence and self-belief. Many respondents reported discovering hidden talents

and creative abilities through practical training and mentorship. The programme also broadened 

participants' perspectives by reducing conservative attitudes and encouraging social interaction,

teamwork and acceptance of diverse ideas. Furthermore, trainees demonstrated increased

entrepreneurial aspirations, generated innovative business ideas and developed greater

willingness to undertake self-employment ventures. Psychological empowerment resulting from

skill acquisition also contributed to improvements in personal aspirations, financial

independence and perceived living standards. The study concludes that PMKVY extends beyond

technical skill development by fostering positive psychological changes essential for

entrepreneurship, personal growth and socio-economic development. It recommends integrating

structured psychological counselling, personality development, entrepreneurial mentoring and

post-training support into future skill development programmes to maximize their long-term

impact, particularly in geographically isolated regions like Arunachal Pradesh.